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1.
Rev. bras. eng. biomed ; 28(4): 311-318, dez. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-660853

ABSTRACT

Bovine caudal motion segments were used to investigate the loss of load-bearing ability of the intervertebral disc (IVD) under both quasi-static and cyclic compressive loading combined with torsion and flexion. While the response of the disc to both compressive hyper-flexion and hyper-torsion has been previously investigated much less is known about their individual and combined influence on compressive failure. Eighty motion segments dissected from 41 bovine tails were subjected to quasi-static and cyclic compression with added components of flexion and torsion. The four different combinations of flexion and torsion were 0º torsion/0º flexion, 10º torsion/15º flexion, 10º torsion/0º flexion and 0º torsion/15º flexion. Quasi-static compression failed to show any significant difference among the different combinations of torsion and flexion for failure stress, failure strain and compressive tangent modulus. Cyclic compression indicated a significant influence of torsion in reducing the disc's load-bearing ability. Cyclic loading provides a more sensitive tool for the assessment of potentially damaging mechanical parameters for the IVD.


Segmentos de cauda bovina foram utilizados para investigar a perda de capacidade de suporte de carga do disco intervertebral (IVD) sob compressão monotônica e cíclica combinada com torção e flexão. Embora a resposta do disco a hiper-flexão e hiper-torção compressiva já fora previamente investigada, pouco se conhece sobre suas influências individuais e combinada para a falha compressiva. Oitenta segmentos dissecados a partir de 41 caudas bovina foram submetidos a compressão monotônica e cíclica com componentes adicionais de flexão e de torção. As quatro combinações diferentes de flexão e torção foram 0º torção/0º flexão, 10º torção/15º flexão, 10º torção/0º flexão e 0º torção/15º flexão. A compressão monotônica não evidenciou qualquer diferença significativa entre as diferentes combinações de torção e flexão para tensão de ruptura, deformação em ruptura e módulo tangente. A compressão cíclica indicou influência significativa da torção na redução da capacidade de carga do disco intervertebral. A carga cíclica proporciona uma ferramenta sensível para a avaliação de parâmetros mecânicos potencialmente deletérios ao IVD.

2.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 93(supl.1): 141-51, Oct. 1998. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-218655

ABSTRACT

The authors present morphogenetic and biomechanical approaches on the concept of the Schistosoma mansoni granulomas, considering them as organoid structures that depend on cellular adhesion and sorting, forming rearrangement into hierarchical concentric layers, creating tension-dependent structures, aiming to acquire round form, since this is the minimal energy form, in which opposing forces pull in equally from all directions and are in balance. From the morphogenetic point of view, the granulomas function as little organs, presenting maturative and involutional stages in their development with final disappearance (pre-granulomatous stages, subdivided in: weaky and/or initial reactive and exudative; granulomatous stages: exudative-productive, productive and involutional). A model for the development of granulomas was suggested according to the following stages: encapsulating, focal hystolysis, fiber production, orientation and compacting and involution and desintegration. The autors concluded that schistosomal granuloma is not a tangled web of individual cells and fibers, but an organized structure composed by host and parasite components, which is not formed to attack the miracidia, but functions as an hybrid interface between two different phylogenetic beings.


Subject(s)
Animals , Biomechanical Phenomena , Extracellular Matrix/parasitology , Fibrosis , Granuloma , Morphogenesis/physiology , Schistosoma mansoni/cytology , Microscopy, Confocal
3.
In. Schiabel, Homero; Slaets, Annie France Frère; Costa, Luciano da Fontoura; Baffa Filho, Oswaldo; Marques, Paulo Mazzoncini de Azevedo. Anais do III Fórum Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Saúde. Säo Carlos, s.n, 1996. p.69-70, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-236250

ABSTRACT

Ensaios de tração, caracterização dinâmica e testes de fadiga de tendões humanos foram realizados com o uso de garras especialmente desenhadas e medição local da área de secção. Caracterização dinâmica de espécimes do tendão Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) do membro inferior foi efetuada anteriormente e posteriormente a teste de fadiga mecânica parcial. Estes espécimes também foram submetidos a ensaio de tração. Os efeitos de dano fadiga nos parâmetros mecânicos foram investigados através de um índice de dano.


Abstract - Quasi-static tensile test. dynamic characterisation and fatigue testing of human tendons were accomplished with the use of specially designed grips and the local measurement of the cross-sectional area. Specimens of Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) tendons of the foot were subjected to dynamic characterisation prior and after partia! mechanical fatigue. Specimens were also subjected to quasi-static tensile testing. The effect of fatigue damage on mechanical parameters was investigated by means of a damage ratio


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Muscle Fatigue , In Vitro Techniques , Tendons/physiopathology , Cadaver , Perna/physiopathology , Muscle Contraction , Traction
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